Investitions- und Handelsführer Türkei 2024: Strategische Einblicke für APCIC-Mitglieder

The Asia-Pacific Commerce and Industry Confederation (APCIC) is pleased to present this comprehensive guide to Turkey, a dynamic economy straddling Europe and Asia. This report provides insights into Turkey’s economic landscape, key industries, trade policies, taxation framework, and strategic recommendations to assist APCIC members in exploring trade and investment opportunities in this strategically located market.

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1. Wirtschaftlicher Überblick

Turkey, with a GDP of approximately $900 billion in 2023, is the world’s 19th-largest economy. Known for its strategic location bridging Europe, Asia, and the Middle East, Turkey is a regional trade and logistics hub with a diversified economic base.

Wichtige Wirtschaftsindikatoren:

• BIP-Wachstum: Estimated at 3.7% in 2023, driven by exports, tourism, and domestic consumption.
• Bevölkerung: Approximately 86 million, with a youthful and growing workforce.
• Inflationsrate: Declined to 47% in 2023 after economic stabilization efforts, reflecting ongoing policy adjustments.

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2. Schlüsselindustrien

Turkey’s economy is supported by a mix of traditional and emerging sectors:

• Manufacturing and Industry: A leader in textiles, automotive, and electronics manufacturing, serving both regional and global markets.
• Agriculture and Food Processing: One of the largest agricultural producers in Europe, with significant exports of fruits, vegetables, and processed foods.
• Tourismus und Gastgewerbe: A top global destination with historical sites, cultural heritage, and scenic coastlines, attracting millions of visitors annually.
• Construction and Infrastructure: Known for large-scale infrastructure projects, including airports, highways, and urban development.
• Energie: Growing investments in renewable energy, particularly solar and wind, alongside traditional energy sectors.
• Technologie und Start-ups: A burgeoning tech ecosystem focusing on fintech, e-commerce, and digital innovation.

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3. Handelspolitische Maßnahmen

Turkey’s trade policies emphasize regional connectivity and global integration:

• Customs Union with the EU: Enables tariff-free trade for industrial goods between Turkey and the European Union.
• Freihandelsabkommen (FTAs): Active agreements with over 20 countries, including South Korea, the UK, and ASEAN members.
• Export-Driven Economy: Policies focus on boosting exports of high-value goods and diversifying trade partnerships.

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4. Steuerlicher Rahmen

Turkey’s tax system supports foreign investment while maintaining fiscal discipline:

• Körperschaftssteuer: The standard rate is 20%, with incentives available for specific industries and investment zones.
• Mehrwertsteuer (VAT): Ranges from 1% to 18%, depending on the product or service category.
• Persönliche Einkommensteuer: Progressive rates from 15% to 40%, with additional levies for high-income earners.
• Investitionsanreize: Tax reductions, exemptions, and subsidies are available for R&D, green energy, and export-oriented projects.

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5. Investitionsklima

Turkey offers a favorable investment climate supported by its strategic location and growing economy:

• Strategischer Standort: Positioned at the crossroads of Europe, Asia, and the Middle East, Turkey serves as a key logistics hub.
• Qualifizierte Arbeitskräfte: A young and dynamic labor force supports industries like technology, manufacturing, and services.
• Infrastruktur: Extensive transport networks, including major ports, railways, and airports, facilitate efficient trade.
• Unternehmensfreundliche Politiken: Reforms in investment laws and regulations have improved ease of doing business.
• Innovation Ökosystem: Government support for startups and R&D initiatives fosters technological growth.

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6. Strategische Empfehlungen

For APCIC members considering investments or trade in Turkey:

1. Expand in Manufacturing: Leverage Turkey’s competitive costs and skilled workforce to establish operations in textiles, automotive, and electronics.
2. In erneuerbare Energien investieren: Participate in solar and wind projects aligned with Turkey’s energy transition goals.
3. Tap into Tourism Growth: Explore opportunities in luxury accommodations, cultural tourism, and eco-tourism.
4. Focus on Agricultural Exports: Partner with Turkish firms to export processed foods and fresh produce to global markets.
5. Engage in Infrastructure Projects: Collaborate on public-private partnerships for transport, housing, and urban development.
6. Leverage Tech Innovation: Invest in Turkey’s fintech and e-commerce sectors, which are growing rapidly with regional potential.

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Fazit

Turkey’s strategic location, robust economy, and diverse industries make it a key market for trade and investment. APCIC members are encouraged to use this guide to navigate Turkey’s opportunities and establish a strong presence in this dynamic and strategically significant economy.